Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is a receptor mainly expressed on myeloid cells, and it plays an important role in modulating immune response against infectious agents. The function of TREM-1 on nonmyeloid cells such as V2 T cells has not been characterized, and their role in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains unclear. To assess the expression of TREM-1 on blood V2 T cells from pulmonary TB patients and investigate its mechanism of induction, we exploited flow cytometry analysis to study the expression of TREM-1 on V2 T cells from active pulmonary TB patients and control subjects. In this study we demonstrate that TREM-1 (TREM-1+) is highly expressed on V2 T cells of patients with active pulmonary TB. Unlike TREM-1––expressing V2 T cells, TREM-1+–producing V2 T cells display APC-like phenotypes. Surprisingly, TREM-1+ signaling promotes the Ag-presenting capability of V2 T cells to induce the CD4+ T cell response. TREM-1+V2 T cells induced the proliferation and differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells, as well as the elimination of intracellular mycobacteria. We identified TREM-1+ (but not TREM-1–) as an Ag-presentation amplifier on human blood V2 T cells, and data shed new light on the regulation of V2 T cells in the phase of innate and adaptive immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Targeting TREM-1+V2 T cells may be a promising approach for TB therapy.
from The Journal of Immunology current issue http://ift.tt/2BJ13Pc
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